Plant health researchers have made great strides in recent years to shine more light on pest and disease problems for growers. Among the latest bright ideas, ultraviolet-C (UVC) light treatment in the field.
University of Florida Plant Pathologist Natalia Peres has used an ultraviolet light system to successfully thwart strawberry pathogens. She published a study this year that showed the system helps control powdery mildew.
Now, two fellow researchers, Joseph Dean Montemayor – working under the supervision of entomology Assistant Professor Sriyanka Lahiri, are putting focus on whether a system that uses UVC radiation can control mites and thrips.
They also studied whether UVC would interfere with biological control efforts of mites or thrips, both of which cause significant fruit loss if left untreated. In this case, they examined whether radiation would kill the predatory mites that eat these pest mites and thrips infesting strawberries.
Results indicate eggs of the predatory mites, just like those of spider mites, die after irradiation with UVC. This conveys that biological control through predatory mites can be most effective only after a strawberry crop is treated with UVC radiation rather than irradiating strawberries while the predatory mites are present in the field simultaneously.
The research shows that the system works well to control spider mite eggs but not chilli thrips. Specifically, the dosage of UVC radiation applied to strawberry plants in the field mostly suppressed spider mite eggs from hatching but did not deter chilli thrips infestations, according to Lahiri.
“This information is useful to the strawberry growers of Florida, who have to constantly battle with chilli thrips and spider mites,” Lahiri says. “Also, this information is relevant to strawberry growers across the world, industry partners and the small-fruit crops research and Extension community.”
For his thesis, Montemayor also studied the potential impact of UVC radiation on predatory mites. Strawberry growers currently use a mite known as Phytoseiulus persimilis to keep the twospotted spider mite from harming their fruit, Lahiri points out. Montemayor exposed this adult predatory mite to the same dose of UVC that was effective in suppressing spider mite eggs.
He found that P. persimilis, remained unaffected and was able to actively feed on spider mite eggs.
“Thrips and spider mites are the most economically damaging species affecting strawberry production in Florida,” Lahiri says. “Even though there is overwhelming reliance on the use of synthetic insecticides and miticides to manage these pests, biological control agents such as predatory mites can be effective in integrated pest management in strawberry. Another way is to use UVC irradiation, applied after sunset, to manage these entomological pests along with strawberry pathogens. Both these pest management tools can be used complementary to each other.”